Early American History
Chapter 1:
The earliest civilizations to enter into the Americas are considered to have entered through the Bering Strait land-ice bridge. They were considered as nomads in the period. The earliest human civilization are considered to have encountered numerous conflicts with the wild animals which were in existence. It was essentially a battle for survival for the existent civilization against the wild animals, which had not evolved. These nomads ere claimed to have followed game herds into modern day Alaska. They also encountered problems with the climate in Alaska as well as the search for food to ensure their survival and their families’ survival.
Between 10,000 and 2500 years ago, some cultures were developed such as the Clovis culture, which was big game-hunting culture that existed in the areas surrounding New Mexico. Other cultures include the Cochise of the southwest who inhabited the areas around Colorado plateau that were mainly hunters and gatherers. The cultures of Mexico were similar to those living in Europe in terms of using spiked projectors in hunting wild game for survival. Cultures in southwest migrated into the south and were favored by the climate.
They ceased the hunting and gathering of wild game and wild plants subsequently and settled on farming as an easier means of growing providing food. They grew mainly beans, corn and cotton as food and cloth subsequently. They deforested large tracts of land to expand their communities as well as obtain land for farming activities. The area in Americas was different in terms of climate and geography enabling farming activities in comparison to the wet and humid climates of Eurasia. Some parts of Eurasia were unpredictable hence could not sustain farming activities. The climates in the areas in Eurasia were good for breeding pests and diseases. Hence, the new arrivals of Europeans brought about new diseases into the Americas. The natives of California were mainly hunters whop had adopted farming as a means of providing for their families.
This picture indicates the Bering Strait, which facilitated the initial migration of people into the Americas.
This picture indicates of the wild game in existence during the early civilizations as well as the climate present at that time.
This picture is an illustration of the clothing and lifestyles of the ancient populations of the first settlers into the Americas.
This is also an illustration of the Aztec era, which was among the earliest civilizations in the history of humankind.
Chapter 2:
The Chinese and ottoman civilizations played a significant role in trade, as they were mainly seafarers and traders voyaging around the world with their merchandise. Europe was faced by the presence of numerous diseases, which mainly came from Asia and centrals parts of Eurasia. Such diseases were devastating as they wiped large parts of the populations of European empires. Africa became part of interest to the European as it was on the way to Asia during that voyages before the discovery of the strait of Gibraltar. In addition, Africa provided slaves for the Europeans as well as other commodities for trade and use by the Europeans.
Africans governments were responsible for the slave trade in that they gave part of their population of the traders in exchange for other goods such as cloth and guns. Plans by Columbus to find a shorter route to chin were of interest, as this would save time for seafarers such as the Spaniards during trade. In addition, this would prove to the British that the Spaniards were better explorers than the British were. The Spaniards took control of the Americas after the fight with the British in South America. They were able to capture only South America whereas the British retained the Northern America. The Europeans brought manioc and peanuts to South America. They also brought bees for honey production in the colonies, night crawlers from the tobacco in the ships for planting and making cigarettes.
Through the Queen Elisabeth I, the monarchy as experienced seafarers were bale to battle the Spaniards ate sea and destroys their ships and ground forces leaving them with the opportunity to claim the Americas. The Spaniards had an extensive control of the Americas before they fought the British. The English were also embodied in fight against the rebellion in the United States after they refused to give autonomy and equal privileges to the population in America.
Prince Henry was one of the pioneers of seafaring in the United Kingdom. He is credited for making a strong naval force for expeditions for the British troops as well as indulging in trade with the Chinese and other civilizations.
This picture indicates the activities of trade between Europe and Americas and the commodities, which came from the respective regions.
This picture indicates the interactions of the Spaniards and the Aztec community after arrival from Europe into the Americas.
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