These are the guidelines for your assignment. You need to follow them to the fullest.
I. Research Paper Minimum Requirements:
1. APA format.
2. A minimum of 5 pages not including cover and references pages.
3. Font greater than 12 pt will not be accepted.
4. The paper must be double spaced.
5. You must use the three articles provided on the assignment and the textbook as
reference. You can also use additional journal article related to the topic.
6. It should be in your own words. If it is not your idea or comment, give recognition to the author who stated the idea or comment by citing the source.
7. Under no circumstances should you cut and paste from other articles. This is
considered plagiarism and could be grounds for an “F” and dismissal.
8. Close attention will be given to the topic at hand, application of knowledge learned
during the course, research found, and the conclusion.
9. Integration of the articles will be considered in the content criteria
10. Poor spelling will result in deduction of points.
II. Topic for Psychology Research Paper: How occupational stress affects mental health?
1. Using the provided articles and your textbook, describe the relationship between work stress and mental health.
2. Your paper should address the following questions at a minimum:
a. Why stress affects mental health?
b. What are the symptoms of stress and anxiety cause by work?
c. Who is at-risk of experiencing these conditions?
d. How individuals should deal with stress and anxiety?
e. How this knowledge will help you in your career?
III. Library Paper Grading Criteria:
1. There is a maximum of 120 points.
2. The paper will be graded based on the criteria below:
a. Paper Style – 25 points
b. Content – 60 points
c. Grammar – 35 points
Stress and Health
Stress and Health 17: 55–63 (2001)
Stress in nurses: coping,
managerial support and work
demand
Paul Bennett,1
* Rob Lowe,2
Victoria Matthews,2
Maria Dourali2
and Andrew Tattersall3
1
Health Services Research Focus, University of Wales College of Medicine, UK
2
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, UK
3
Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
Summary
One hundred and six ward-based nurses of 340 approached completed questionnaires measuring
sources of stress within their work, the managerial support available to them, the strategies they
used to cope with work stress and levels of anxiety, depression, and work satisfaction. Univariate
analysis identi?ed consistent relationships between work stress and each of these outcomes. Lack of
managerial support was also associated both with negative mood states and, particularly, with low
levels of work satisfaction. Multivariate analyses showed the key predictors of negative affect to be
lack of management support, job overspill, having to make decisions under time pressure and lack
of recognition by the organisation. These data ?t well into existing models of work stress, and their
implications for organisational change are discussed. Copyright ? 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Key Words
occupational stress; coping; social support;
depression; anxiety; work satisfaction
Levels of stress within the British National Health
Service (NHS) are high: perhaps the highest they
have ever been. Both objective and subjective
impressions support the notion of an organisation
under strain. Wards and other clinical areas
report being at their busiest ever and levels of
psychological disturbance are high. Borrill et al.
1
studied over 11 000 members of staff in 19
Trusts around the country and found that 27
per cent of employees reported signi?cant levels
of psychological disturbance. This compared with
18 per cent of the wider national workforce.
Levels of stress differed marginally across the
professions, with 33 per cent of managers, 29 per
cent of nurses, and 28 per cent of doctors reporting
* Correspondence to: Paul Bennett, Health Services
Research Focus, University of Wales College of
Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
signi?cant levels of stress. The results of this survey
echoed the ?ndings of a summary document written
on behalf of the Nuf?eld Trust2
that indicated
similar, or greater, levels of stress throughout
the NHS. Some of the stress is a consequence
of environmental factors, some of which are
changeable. The Nuf?eld survey, for example,
reported that the lowest levels of stress were
found in small Trusts that reported greater interdisciplinary co-operation, better communication,
and placed a stronger emphasis on allowing staff
more control and ?exibility over their work,
training, and performance monitoring than those
with high stress. Among nurses, more speci?c
environmental stressors have been identi?ed. These
include unpredictable staf?ng and scheduling, lack
of role clarity, low involvement in decision-making,
poor status, and poor support.2
These data suggest
that while some degree of stress may occur within
the NHS workforce, the structure and ethos of
the organisation has a powerful in?uence on its
prevalence. These data are also not con?ned to
the UK workforce. Compared to employees in
non-health-related settings, American health-care
Copyright ? 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Received 9 November 1999
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